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Art History 321
Italian Renaissance Art: 1250-1400
Fall 2011
Lecture Schedule and Reading Schedule
Issues and Approaches
2 Sept. Fri. - Introduction. Course Mechanics and Historical Context.
The Production of Art: Shop Structures; Media; Condition/Restoratio
Terms to know for panel and fresco painting: mordant gilding; ultramarine,
giallorino, terra verde, ultramarine, azurite, egg tempera, bole,
sinopia, arriccio, intonico, giornata, and a secco,
bottegga, garzone, and punch work. For sculpture: tagliapietra, lost wax process for bronze casting.
[See glossary in F. Hartt, Italian Renaissance Art.]
Read:
*Catherine King, "The Trecento: new ideas, new evidence," in Siena, Florence, and Padua, I:ch.11.
*Excerpt regarding media technique from F. Hartt, Italian Renaissance Art.
*Source: Cennino d'Andrea Cennini, excerpts from The Craftsman's Handbook ["Il libro dell'Arte'].
Week I.
[Back to Calendar]
5 Sept. Mon. - Labor Day - No class.
PART I: THE PROTO-RENAISSANCE OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY
7 Sept. Wed. - Ghibellines versus the Guelphs
The Empire [whose supporters are called Ghibellines]. The South-Italian Context for Frederick II Hohenstaufen: "Holy Roman Emperor" or "Dragon sent by Satan"?
Read:
*Essay, Jill Meredith, "The Arch at Capua: The Strategic Use of Spolia and References to the Antique"
*Paul H.D. Kaplan, "Black Africans in Hohenstaufen Iconography."
9 Sept. Fri. - The Papacy [supported by the Guelphs] in late Thirteenth-Century Rome.
Read:
*Hans Belting, "Icons and Roman Society in the Twelfth Century."
Week II.
[Back to Calendar]
12 Sept. Mon. - Pietro Cavallini (Pietro de'Cerroni, called Cavallino, c. 1240/50-1330) in Rome.
Read:
Text: John White, Art and Architecture in Italy: 1250-1400, Ch. 10. "Pietro Cavallini."
The Venetian Republic
14 Sept. Wed. Venice - The Maritime Republic.
Read:
*F. Lane, Venice: A Maritime Republic, From Ch. 2, "The Port-City and Its Population," and from Ch. 15,"Arts, Sciences, and Literature."
*R. Mack, Bazaar to Piazza, From Ch.1, "Trade, Travel, and Diplomacy."
The Rise of the Mendicant Orders
16 Sept. Fri. - The Mendicant Orders
Especially the Dominicans (O.P.) and Franciscans (O.F.M.). Thirteenth-Century Panel Painting.
Read:
*Van Os, "The Altarpieces of the Urban Religious Orders."
Text: White, ch. 11, "Coppo di Marcovaldo and Guido da Siena."
Week III.
[Back to Calendar]
19 Sept. Mon. - Thirteenth-Century Fresco Cycles for the Mendicants.
Read:
*Borsook, Mural Painters of Tuscany excerpts from Introduction.
Text: White, ch. 12, "Cimabue and the Upper Church of S. Francesco at Assisi."
21 Sept. Wed. - Assisi: The St. Francis Cycle.
Read:
Text: White, ch. 13, "The Legend of St. Francis and the Completion of the Decoration of the Upper Church of S. Francesco at Assisi."
*Source: S. Bonaventura, Life of St. Francis (Legenda Maior): S. Damaino; Repudiated by his father; Preaching to the Birds; Nativity at Grecco; Miracle of Arezzo; Stigmata; Mouring St. Francis by S. Clare Sisters.
Stylistic Innovations in Sculpture
23 Sept. Fri. - Revolutionary Change in Sculpture: Nicola Pisano (active 1258-78)
Read:
*Pope-Hennessy, Gothic Sculpture (1985) on Nicola.
*Anita Moskowitz, excerpts from Nicola Pisano's Arca di San Domenico.
Text: White, ch. 6, "Nicola Pisano."
*Source: Inscriptions on the Pisani pulpits (Pope-Hennessy)
Week IV.
[Back to Calendar]
26 Sept. Mon. - Arnolfo di Cambio (c. 1245-c.1310).
Read:
*Pope-Hennessy, "Arnolfo di Cambio"
Text: White, ch. 7, "Arnolfo di Cambio."
28 Sept. Wed. - The Gothic and Giovanni Pisano (c.1250-c.1314)
Read:
*Pope-Hennessy, "Giovanni Pisano"; Note again inscriptions for pulpits.
Text: White, ch. 8, "Giovanni Pisano."
Urbanism and Architecture
30 Sept. Fri. - Mendicant Architecture and the Contrast of Gothic Cathedrals
Read:
Text: White, ch. 2, "The Architecture of the Franciscan and Dominican Expansion in Italy," and begin ch. 3, "The Gothic Cathedrals: Siena, Orvieto, Florence."
Week V.
[Back to Calendar]
3 Oct. Mon. - Civic Buildings
Terms: arti (masons' guilds), muratore (wall builder),
pietra serena (grey limestone), pietra forte (buff limestone), capomaestro (headman/foreman),
gabella (tax), strada (paved/brick or stone), via (unpaved)
Read:
Text: White, ch. 4 and 15, and part of 16.
5 Oct. Wed. - Exam [Through material of 3 Oct.]
Image Identifications [8 @ 3.5 min. each] and Image Comparisons. Extra points earned by using your course readings in READER on the exam.
PART II: 1300-1350, TRECENTO ART
The Practitioners in Painting and Sculpture
7 Oct. Fri. - Duccio di Boninsegna (active. 1278-1318), Founder of the Sienese School.
Read:
Text: White, ch. 23, second half, "Duccio di Boninsegna"
* Paul Jeromack, "Metropolitan buys last available Duccio for $45 million,"
The Art Newspaper, No. 153, December 2004, p. 13.
Week VI.
[Back to Calendar]
10 Oct. Fri. - Duccio's Maestà
Read:
Read: Text: first half of White, ch. 23.
*Source: Procession at completion of the altarpiece.
12 Oct. Wed.-14 Oct. Fri. - Giotto di Bondone (c.1277-1337).
Giotto's Arena Chapel Frescos.
Read:
Text. White, ch. 24 "Giotto" [read relevant section].
*Anne Derbes and Mark Sandona, "Introduction,"The Usurer's Heart: Giotto, Enrico Scrovegni, and the Arena Chapel in Padua.
Week VII.
[Back to Calendar]
17 Oct. Mon. - Giotto's Other Projects
19 Oct. Wed. - Andrea Pisano (c. 1290-1348). Florence
Read:
*Pope-Hennessy, "Andrea Pisano."
Text: White, ch. 33.
21 Oct. Fri. - Simone Martini: Civic Patronage in Siena; Ecclesiastical Patronage in Assisi; Aristocratic Patronage in Naples.
Read:
White, ch. 26, "Simone Martini".
Week VIII.
[Back to Calendar]
24 Oct. Mon. - Tino di Camaino (c. 1285-1337) and Giovanni and Pacio da Firenze [Bertini] active 1343-45.
Read:
"Tino di Camaino..."
Text: White, relevant sections of ch. 31
Catherine King, "Women as patrons: nuns, widows and rulers," in
Siena, Florence and Padua, vol. 2: ch. 11:254-255.
26 Oct. Wed.-28 Oct. Fri. - Siena: A Case Study in Civic Patronage
The Sala dei Nove, Palazzo Pubblico. The Lorenzetti Brothers: Pietro (c. 1290-1348) and Ambrogio (d. 1348?)
Read:
Text: White, ch. 27 "Ambrogio and Pietro Lorenzetti."
*Excerpt from Art in Renaissance Italy, "Altarpieces: Conventions and Contexts."
*Source: Inscriptions on frescoes in Sala dei Nove, Siena, Palazzo Pubblico, in
Siena, Florence and Padua II:167.
Week IX.
[Back to Calendar]
31 Oct. Mon. - The Private Funerary Chapel: Florence
Taddeo Gaddi (active c. 1328-c.1366): The Baroncelli Chapel, S. Croce and Mariology.
Read:
Text: White, relevant section of ch. 28, "Tuscan Painting."
2 Nov. Wed. A Civic-Religious Campaign in Orvieto
Read:
White, ch. 32 , "Lorenzo Maitani and the Façade of Orvieto Cathedral".
4 Nov. Fri. - Exam 2. [Through material of 2 Nov.]
Week X.
[Back to Calendar]
PART III. 1350-1400. POST-PLAGUE AND RECOVERY
7 Nov. Mon.-9 Nov. Wed. - The Spector of Death and the Hope for Immortality: Plague Imagery and Systems of Thought
The Plague Years: Boccaccio, Franco Sacchetti, and the Meiss Thesis.
Read:
*Source: Excerpts from Boccaccio, The Decameron.
*Van Os, "The Black Death and Sienese Painting: A Problem of Interpretation."
Text: White, ch. 40, sections on "The Decoration of the Camposanto in Pisa", "Andrea Orcagna, Nardo di Cione, and Jacopo di Cione," and "Andrea Bonaiuti da Firenze."
11 Nov. Fri. - Sculpture: Andrea Cione called Orcagna (active c. 1343-68) in Florence and Nino Pisano (c. 1315-1368?)
Read:
Text: White, ch. 43, Andrea Orcagna and for Nino Pisano.
WEEK XI.
[Back to Calendar]
14 Nov. Mon. - Later Florentine "Recovery"
Read:
Text: White, ch. 40, section on "Agnolo Gaddi and Spinello Aretino."
16 Nov. Wed. - The Region of Emilia Romagna [Bologna and Modena]: Vitale da Bologna, (active 1334-1361) and Tommaso da Modena, 14th c.
Read:
Text: White, ch. 29, relevant parts.
*Robert Gibbs, Introduction and excerpts from ch. 4, "Treviso: the Capitolo of the Dominicans"in
Tomaso da Modena.
18 Nov. Fri. - Equestrian Monuments, Tombs and Reliquaries. Especially the Work of Bonino da Campione (active after 1349; d. 1397)
Read:
*Pope-Hennessy, "Giovanni di Balduccio" and "Bonino da Campione."
Text: White, ch. 34, "Giovanni di Balduccio and North Italian Sculpture.
*Catherine King, "The Tombs and Relics of Saints," from ch. 5, "Effigies: Human and Divine" in
Siena, Florence, and Padua, vol 2: 120, 122-127.
WEEK XII.
[Back to Calendar]
21 Nov. Mon. - Milan and Pavia the Visconti
Read:
Text: White, ch. 38 on architecture, ch. 43 on sculpture; ch. 41, section on "Lombardy" for ms. illuminations".
*"Milan: The Visconti," excerpts from Art in Renaissance Italy, 122-27.
23 Nov. Wed. - The Carrara
Read:
* "'Splendid models and examples from the past,'" excerpt from
Siena, Florence, and Padua, I, ch. 8, "Carrara patronage of art", 155-171; ch. 10, "Astrology, antiquity and empiricism: art and learning," 196-202, 210-213.
24 Nov.-26 Nov. - Thanksgiving Recess - No Class
WEEK XIII.
[Back to Calendar]
28 Nov. Mon. - The Republic of Venice
Read:
Text: White, ch. 29 relevant parts and ch. 43, relevant sections
*Pope-Hennessy, "Jacobello and Pierpaolo dale Masegne."
30 Nov. Wed. - Altichiero (da Zevio c. 1330-c.1390)
Read:
*"The Chapel of Bonifacio Lupi", excerpts from Siena, Florence, and Padua, v.2, 179-193.
2 Dec. Fri. - Women as Patrons: Widows and Rulers
Read:
*Catherine King, excerpts from"Women as patrons: nuns, widows and rulers," in
Siena, Florence and Padua vol. 2, ch. 11: Introduction and 'Feminine Behavior Defined by Men,'243-249.
WEEK XIV.
[Back to Calendar]
5 Dec. Mon. - Chapel Decoration
Read:
Continue King, ch. 11, 'Consorts of Rulers and Queens,' 249-254 regarding the Baptistry in Padua
Diana Norman, "Art and Learning," from ch. 10, "Astrology, antiquity and empiricism: art and learning" in
Siena, Florence and Padua, vol. 1: 210-213.
7 Dec. Wed. - Secular Cycles
Read:
*Colin Cunningham, "For the Honour and beauty of the city: the design of town halls," regarding the Palazzo della Ragione in Padua in
Siena, Florence and Padua, vol. 2, pp. 49-53.
From the reading for 5 Dec. on "Art and Learning", pp. 210-213, and pp. 201-202, "The Paduan Salone" regarding the pictorial program in the Palazzo della Ragione.
9 Dec. Fri. - Women as Patrons: Nuns
Read:
*Catherine King, Ch. 9, "Change and Continuity in Marian Altarpieces," section on 'Florentine Marian Altarpieces," 206-211; and Ch. 11, "Women as Patrons," section on 'Nuns,' pp.255-266 for San Pier Maggiore altarpiece in
Siena, Florence and Padua, vol II.
Sources: "St. Bonaventura, Introduction and 'Prologue' to the
Tree of Life (Lignun vitae).
WEEK XV.
[Back to Calendar]
12 Dec. Mon. - Roman Catholic Liturgy in Manuscripts
Terms: Specified in Boehm reading: Liturgical manuscripts: Missal [book of the Mass or "text for the priest's celebration of the Eucharist (Holy Communion).
The Psalter: Book of Psalms, 150 "songs of praise in poetic form" attributed to King David. These were often sung.
The musical manuscripts: the gradual: parts of the Mass to be sung by a choir. "codified by St. Gregory in late 6th c., with the music falling at
logical intervals to mark actions or movements in the service. The antiphonary, or antiphonal: "contained the prayers and praise necessary for the
Divine Office" Established by St. Benedict.
Monastic devotions: Matins (night ofice) about 2:30 A.M.; lauds: day hours at 5:00A.M., prime: 6:00 A.M., terce: 9:00A.M., sext: noon, none: 3:00 P.M.,
vespers: 4:30 P.M., and compline: 6:00P.M. ("Mass would be celebrated between terce and sext.") (p. 20).
Instructions written in liturgical manuscripts were written in red, thus called rubrics.
Laude: hymns..as to the Virgin in the morning and in the evening [remember Duccio's Rucellai Madonna paid for by a group devoted to the singing of
such hymns at S. M. Novella.
Book of Hours: private devotions for the laity. Contain: calendar of feast days; four Gospel lessons for Christmas, the Annunciation, the Epiphany,
feast of Ascension.
Hours of the Virgin. Each hour preceded by an illustration from the Passion or from the Infancy of Christ and Coronation of the Virgin.
Hours of the Passion; Hours of the Cross; Hours of the Holy Spirit. Seven Penitential Psalms Office of the Dead.
Note use of personal devices or emblems requested by patrons in manuscripts.
Read:
* Barbara Drake Boehm, "The Books of the Florentine Illuminators,"
*Laurence Kanter, "Master of the Codex of Saint George," and Cat. No. 7. The Codex of Saint George and Cat. 8. Missal.
[These are from Painting and Illumination in Early Renaissance Florence 1300-1450.].
Text: White, ch. 28, "The Florentine Painters," and "Pacino di Bonaguida"
*Excerpt from Painting and Illumination, "Pacino di Bonaguida" and "Illumination of St. Michael."
Text: White, ch. 29 regarding "The Bolognese School," "Lombardy, and Niccol da Bologna, Missal, 1374, and "Lombardi," pp.581-590 and fig. 357, Giovanni dei Grassi, Vulture, Goldfinch, and Green Parrot; fig. 359, Paduan: French Bean.
Exam in Class (Covering material from 7 Nov. through 12 Dec.),
Wednesday, 14 December
FINAL EXAM - Cumulative take-home paper due,
Wednesday, 21 December 12:45 [or before]
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